I just decided to look up what Amtrak says in its
Conditions for Transportation regarding seats and reservations. These are the precise words:
- Each passenger paying a fare will be entitled to a seat, to the extent coach seats are available.
- Passengers are entitled to one seat per fare, to ensure other paying passengers are not excluded.
- Unless specific seats are assigned, seating is on a first come - first served basis. On unreserved trains there are no guaranteed seats.
- Seating arrangements will be made without regard to race, color, gender, creed or national origin.
- Amtrak reserves the right, whenever operating conditions require, to transfer passengers from one car or train to another en route.
Notice that it says the following:
1. Each paying passenger is entitled to a seat if one is available
2. No guarantee of seat on non-reserved trains
3. Right to transfer is reserved
Strictly speaking it says nothing about a seat being guaranteed explicitly under any circumstances. This has been carefully worded by lawyers I bet.
Any lawyer would have to be on something potent to make a promise of a guaranteed seat, unless s/he is willing to cough up a lot of money in compensation.
I believe that contrary to some popular sentiments expressed in various places, the reserved trains have nothing to do with:
(a) Safety
(b) Guaranteeing anything.
It forms the foundation for enabling inventory control and yield management, and that is the end of it. It therefore allows one to define the inventory on a train to be 103% of actual seats, if it statistically suits the purpose of maximizing yield without bringing down the wrath of the customers upon oneself. This is a more controlled environment than unreserved where one would have no basis to stop selling tickets and would have no idea on which train a specific ticket is actually used thus making it very difficult to do effective yield management.